Contact lenses, a daily necessity for millions, might pose a hidden health risk due to the presence of toxic polyfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl chemicals, collectively known as PFAS. These "forever chemicals" persist in the environment and have been linked to serious health issues, including reproductive and developmental problems, cancer, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and more.
PFAS: Ubiquitous and Persistent
PFAS are used in a variety of consumer products for their ability to make surfaces slippery and resistant to water, oil, and stains. They are found in nonstick cookware, food packaging, furniture, and even personal care products. Surprisingly, these chemicals are also present in contact lenses, which spend up to 16 hours a day next to your eyes.
High Levels of PFAS in Contact Lenses
A study by Mamavation and Environmental Health News tested 18 different brands of soft contact lenses for organic fluorine, a marker for PFAS. Shockingly, all lenses tested contained fluorine levels ranging from 105 to 20,700 parts per million (ppm). For perspective, the highest level deemed safe by the EPA in drinking water is 2,000 parts per trillion (ppt), making the levels in contact lenses thousands of times higher.
The lenses with the highest fluorine levels were:
- Alcon Air Optix Colors with Smartshield Technology (20,700 ppm)
- Alcon Total30 Contact Lenses for Daily Wear (20,400 ppm)
- Alcon Air Optix (No Hydraglide) for Astigmatism (20,000 ppm)
Health Risks and Lack of Transparency
Manufacturers are not required to disclose PFAS in their products, often claiming them as trade secrets. According to experts, fluoropolymers used in contact lenses make them comfortable and breathable but at a significant health cost. The lack of safety studies on these products is alarming. Studies have shown PFAS exposure can lead to immunotoxicity and possibly turn into more dangerous forms once in the body or environment.
PFAS and Vision
Research indicates that PFAS can negatively affect vision. A large study in China linked PFAS exposure to an increased risk of visual impairment, suggesting these chemicals induce oxidative stress harmful to the eyes. Military personnel exposed to PFAS have also experienced various eye conditions, including myopia and astigmatism.
Environmental Impact
The environmental impact of PFAS is significant. With over 45 million Americans using contact lenses, many of which are disposable, PFAS contamination in landfills and water systems is a growing concern. The persistent nature of these chemicals means they can travel long distances and remain in the environment for extended periods, posing a risk to wildlife and human health.
Reducing PFAS Exposure
To reduce exposure to PFAS, consider switching to glasses instead of contact lenses. Additionally, avoid products labeled as stain-resistant, waterproof, or nonstick, as these often contain PFAS. Filtering your drinking water and choosing safer cookware and personal care products can also help limit exposure.
Limit Time Spent Wearing Contact Lenses
PFAS in contact lenses represent a significant yet often overlooked health risk. The high levels of these chemicals in lenses, combined with their persistence and potential to cause serious health issues, make it crucial to consider alternatives and push for greater transparency and safety testing from manufacturers. Reducing PFAS exposure can protect both your health and the environment from these pervasive "forever chemicals."